The Current Landscape
Recent studies have highlighted a pro-poor inequality in public primary healthcare utilization, with more accessible services for the impoverished. Conversely, a pro-rich inequality is evident in hospital visits, indicating that wealthier individuals have better access to higher-level medical facilities1. This imbalance raises concerns about the equitable distribution of healthcare resources.
Addressing the Inequities
The Ministry of Health, in collaboration with the World Health Organization, has taken significant steps to improve health equity. The introduction of a national health insurance scheme and the implementation of the National Health Strategic Plan aim to provide equitable, cost-effective, quality health services as close to the family as possible2. These initiatives are part of Zambia’s broader goal to become a prosperous middle-income country by 2030, recognizing that a healthy population is vital for economic growth.
Challenges and Opportunities
Despite these efforts, inequalities in healthcare delivery remain. The disparities are not just between the rich and the poor but also across various demographics, including rural versus urban residents, different educational levels, and gender12. To move towards universal health coverage, Zambia must focus on strengthening primary facilities that serve the poor and reducing access barriers to ensure that healthcare utilization at higher-level facilities aligns with the need for it.
Conclusion
The journey towards equalness in the Zambian health professions is ongoing. With targeted policies and effective implementation, Zambia can reduce observed inequities and accelerate its move towards universal health coverage, ensuring that all citizens, regardless of socioeconomic status, have the opportunity to lead healthy lives.
This article synthesizes information from recent research and reports on the state of health equity in Zambia. It underscores the importance of addressing both the visible and underlying factors contributing to healthcare disparities to achieve a more equitable healthcare system for all Zambians.
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